As temperatures rise in the Cook Islands, pet and livestock owners must be extra cautious to protect their animals from heat stroke, writes Dr Rose Hasegawa, medical director Te Are Manu Vet Clinic.

Just like humans, animals can suffer from extreme heat, and in some cases, it can be fatal. Understanding the signs of heat stroke and how to prevent it is crucial for keeping your pets and livestock safe and healthy.

Cats and dogs are particularly vulnerable to heat stroke because they rely on panting and limited sweating through their paws to cool down. When the heat becomes too intense, they struggle to regulate their body temperature, leading to dangerous consequences.

Signs of heat stroke in pets

• Excessive panting and drooling
• Lethargy or weakness
• Bright red gums or tongue
• Vomiting or diarrhoea
• Collapse or seizures

If you notice these symptoms, act immediately. Move your pet to a cool, shaded area, provide fresh water, and use cool (not cold) water to dampen their body. Seek veterinary help as soon as possible.

Preventing heat stroke in pets

• Provide shade and water – Always ensure your pet has access to clean, fresh water and a cool, shaded place to rest.
• Avoid exercise during peak heat – Walk dogs in the early morning or late evening when it’s cooler.
• Never leave pets in cars – Even with the windows slightly open, temperatures inside a parked car can rise rapidly, leading to fatal heat stroke.
• Groom regularly – Brushing your pet helps remove excess fur and improves airflow to their skin.
• Use cooling methods – Offer a shallow water pool for dogs to step in or place a damp cloth on their paws and belly.

Protecting livestock: Goats, cattle and pigs

While livestock animals are more resilient, they are not immune to the dangers of extreme heat. Farmers and animal owners should ensure proper care during hot weather to prevent dehydration and heat stress.

Key measures for livestock protection:

• Shade is essential – Provide natural shade from trees or build shelters to protect animals from direct sunlight.
• Water supply – Ensure livestock have constant access to clean, cool water. Check and refill troughs regularly.
• Monitor for heat stress – Watch for signs such as excessive panting, loss of appetite, or lethargy.

Caring for animals during hot weather is an important responsibility. Whether you have a pet dog, a cat, or livestock, taking the right precautions can prevent heat stroke and ensure their well-being. By providing adequate water, shade, and monitoring for signs of distress, you can keep your animals safe and comfortable even on the hottest days.